A seven-year study tracked nearly 664,000 fish representing 61 species around Block Island's wind turbines. They found no negative effects on bottom-dwelling fish during construction or operation. Instead, fish were thriving around these new artificial reefs, feeding on mussels that grew on the turbine foundations and using the structures as nursery habitat. European wind farm researchers recorded a 60-fold increase in food availability and documented dense aggregations of over 22,000 individual fish around single turbine foundations, supporting 121 distinct marine species.